ABSTRACT
Tripterygium wilfordii preparations,with various biological activities such as immunosuppressive,anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects,are widely used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis,lupus erythematosus,and nephrotic syndrome. They have definite therapeutic effect,but often cause serious adverse reactions and result in damages to liver,kidney,blood,reproduction,and other systems due to their complex compositions,great toxicity,and narrow margin between the toxic and therapeutic dosages. At present,T. wilfordii preparations produced by different manufacturers exhibit large variations in clinical efficacy and side effects in account of their different chemical compositions and quality fluctuation due to differences in raw materials and production process. However,the existing quality standards are controversial in terms of index components and content limit,which cannot be effectively used for the overall quality control of the preparations. In this paper,the research progress on chemical constituents,quality standard and quality control methods of four T. wilfordii preparations including Tripterygium Tablets,Tripterygium Zongtie Tablets,Tripterygium Shuangceng Tablets and Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets was reviewed,in order to provide ideas and reference for the quality improvement of this type of preparations.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Reference Standards , Quality Control , Tablets , Tripterygium , ChemistryABSTRACT
In the study the changes of scalp potential and cardiac autonomic nervous system during volitional control of heart beat are explored with the wavelet packet parameters and approximate entropy (ApEn) of Electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate variability. The results show that volition can control heart beat and the changes of brain activity are earlier than that of autonomic activity. But its control of heart beat is very different from the motor nervous system because different cortical positions are respectively concerned during the quick and slow control of heart beat. The pre-central areas of brain are correlated with parasympathetic activity by which HR is controlled to slow down. The post-central areas of brain are correlated with sympathetic activity by which HR is controlled to accelerate.
Subject(s)
Humans , Autonomic Nervous System , Physiology , Consciousness , Physiology , Electroencephalography , Heart Rate , Physiology , ScalpABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To characterize the different varieties of Pseudostellaria heterophylla during cultivation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Using systematic selection in the main productive areas, the techniques of random design, all varieties were observed for 3 years.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The biological and 425 productive characteristics of P. heterophylla var. macrophylla, P. heterophylla var. Foliolum, and P. heterophylla var. anvense were significantly different (P < 0.01). There were also differences in ecological adaptability, plant characteristics, pollen granule, chromosomes, and isoenzyme of the three cultivars.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The strain types of P. heterophylla was denominated for the first time. The characteristics and productivity index system of P. heterophylla varieties were determined.</p>
Subject(s)
Caryophyllaceae , Genetics , Catechol Oxidase , Chromosomes, Plant , Ecosystem , Flowers , Lipase , Peroxidase , Plant Leaves , Plant Roots , Plants, Medicinal , GeneticsABSTRACT
Through the detection of the change of shear stress in blood, four coagulation parameters (t(r), delta tau/delta t, tau(max), S) can be automatically determined. The instrument can be used to automatically detect the process of blood coagulation and print coagulation curves. There is a great difference between different samples while there is a good repeatability with the same sample.